The Op Doc The Man Who Skated Right Off The Grid Essay

The Op-Doc â€Å"Slomo: The Man Who Skated Right Off the Grid† follows the life of former doctor John Kitchin. Early in the Doc, Kitchin recalls one of the most influential conversations he had in his life, that occurred in the cafeteria line at the hospital where he worked. Joking with the man, Kitchin asked him, â€Å"How does a strapping young man like me get to be an old cogel like you?† and the looked at him and said ‘do what you want to’† (3:49). The director uses a flashback technique quite well in this moment in order to illustrate and help convey to viewers the power the simple advice had on Kitchin. After the scene it flashes back to Kitchin’s interview where he recalls â€Å"this old man just made more sense to me than anything I had heard in my life† (3:53). By using testimony in conjunction with the event itself, director Josh Izenburg allowed viewers to be transported back to when Kitchin heard the advice as well, whi ch made a bigger statement than testimony alone. Though comics allow one to see the past, present, and future at once, Op-Docs and other films can take advantage of the single-time focus that their medium allows for by emphasizing the importance of past events through flashbacks. The same single-time focus that can be a weakness of film can also be a strength as it draws importance to a moment that bends the standard time pattern film and similar mediums tend to have. Later in the Op-Doc, as images of Slomo skating and people cheering appear on the

Proper Nutrition During Infancy and Toddlerhood Essay

Providing proper nutrition during infancy and toddlerhood is important for your child’s health. But how do you provide this? What diet is best for an infant? When does one introduce cow’s milk? What is the best diet for toddlers? These are some questions that come to mind when thinking about infant and toddler nutrition. I hope to answer these questions. I will also discuss some of the foods that should be avoided during infancy and toddlerhood and their potential dangers. According to Sheah Rarback, the growth rate in infants is rapid and the birth weight of an infant is often doubled by five months of age (Rarback, Sheah, 2011). The two main forms of nutrition during the first four months of infancy is either breastmilk or infant†¦show more content†¦There can also be some benefits to formula feeding. One benefit is that because formula is heavier than breastmilk it takes longer to digest so an infant who is fed formula will sleep longer (Langholt, Alice, 2011). Another benefit is that often vitamin D is not found in breastmilk, but it is found in formula so an infant on formula does not need extra sun exposure or vitamin D supplement (Jernigan, Kristie, 2009). You also know the exact amount of food that your infant is intaking (Brownlee, Sonja, 2011). It is also important to remember when formula feeding that you follow the preparation instructions and that the bottles remain sanitary (Rarback, Sheah, 2011). What about cow’s milk, when is it safe to introduce milk? Under one year of age milk is both indigestible and does not contain the nutrients that an infant needs (McCarron, Joshua, 2010). It has also been found that giving cow’s milk prior to one year of age can cause an iron deficiency (Rarback, Sheah, 2011). Also, according to an article on the Baby Center website it states that introducing cow’s milk prior to one year of age can damage the kidney’s due to the levels of sodium, potassium, and chloride being too high for an infant to digest (Baby Center, 2011). This is why it is best to wait till an infant is at least a year old prior to introducing milk. The next stage of nutrition is toddlerhood. This is the stage in which a child becomes more reliant on solid foods (Coila, Bridget,Show MoreRelatedThe Importance a Good Earlychildhood Nutrition Essay940 Words   |  4 Pagesprovide the best nourishment available to ensure your toddler’s early physical growth. Early childhood nutrition is crucial for development in the first two years, not only to protect health and support growth, but it can also introduce and reinforce beneficial eating habits. As your infant grows into a toddler, you will start to rely more on foods to include suitable solid foods to get the proper nutrients and calories to support healthy growth and development. Many parents will be faced with toddlerRead MoreChilds Functional Health Patterns Assessment3786 Words   |  16 Pageson the media influences (â€Å"Lucile Packard Foundation for Children’s Health,† 2012). | | Toddlers may be malnourished because they are dependent on their parents to give them food and hydration. Toddlers may still be using a bottle for nutrition and should be weaned as soon as possible (Kids Health, 2012). | Preschoolers can be picky eaters and not achieve a healthy balanced diet because of this. Preschoolers are prone to choking on their food and may still need their parentsRead MoreMy : My Virtual Life Assignment10439 Words   |  42 PagesLife Assignment For this assignment, I have organized my responses into a report based on the following periods of development: infancy and toddlerhood (birth to 30 months), early childhood (3 to 5 years), middle childhood (6-11 years), and adolescence (12-18 years). The last section of my paper includes my responses to the personal reflection questions. Infancy and Toddlerhood 8 Months 1. How does your baby’s eating, sleeping, and motor development compare to the typical developmental patterns? DescribeRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words   |  185 PagesConsultant, Child Development Division; for ongoing revisions and recommendations. During the lengthy development process, many CDE staff members were involved at various levels. Additional thanks are extended to members of the Child Development Division: Michael Jett,* Gwen Stephens,* Gail Brodie, Sy Dang Nguyen, Mary Smithberger,* Maria Trejo, and Charles Vail; Special Education Division: Meredith Cathcart; Nutrition Services Division: Lynette Haynes-Brown, Kelley Knapp, and Heather Reed; Professional

Ma Case Lufthansa and Austrian Airlines free essay sample

Furthermore, the Federal Republic of Austria paid a EUR 500m restructuring aid for AUA: This amount will be received by Lufthansa to compensate for the negative shareholder value. All in all, this means for Lufthansa that it can acquire AUA at a relatively cheap price. After the merger and the restructuring, AUA will be making profits again and therefore contribute to Lufthansa earnings. Already in the past, Deutsche Lufthansa and Austrian Airlines have maintained a close and successful cooperation within the Star Alliance Group. This cooperation particularly concerned the neighborhood air traffic between Austria and Germany, a common usage of airport facilities and a common marketing strategy within the regime of the frequent flyer program â€Å"Miles and More†. As they have been working together very closely over the past years, they have a common understanding of the set of rules within the Star Alliance Group and furthermore they have already established and oriented their dayto-day business in an efficient logistical and communicative way. We will write a custom essay sample on Ma Case Lufthansa and Austrian Airlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is true, that there could be a risk of a cultural clash when integrating AUA in LH, but both companies seem to have a very similar cultural culture. First of all, both are operating in the same business area, the airline business. Furthermore, both do have a similar national culture as the employees are residents of neighboring states that share the same mother language. It is true, that both could have different working styles as AUA was a mainly public company with the Federal Republic of Austria as core shareholder and LH a private profit seeking one. With an integration of AUA in LH, there can be reached various synergies, not only for Lufthansa, also for Austrian. There would be higher sales potential and an improvement of procurement conditions. The economies of scale were estimated to be EUR 80m that are additional to the synergies of the already existing partnership of both companies. The synergies can be subdivided into: revenue synergies, cost of sales synergies and other cost synergies. International M A Briefing paper Ines Haitzinger By effecting the merger, management of AUA could be operated more efficiently. AUA, with the OIAG as a strong core shareholder, has always been focusing achieving more political goals (maximization of votes) instead of financial ones, as labor union representatives and politicians had a quite big influence on AUA’s managers. Poor strategic decisions were carried out, just as the oversized and unprofitable flight network. With Lufthansa and its profit seeking strategy and its management expertise, unnecessary costs can be cut down and redundant workforce be laid off, and the flight network could be adjusted to the actual demand. AUA’s company performance could be improved tremendously and the company would soon be in the position to generate profits again, which will consequently also contribute to Lufthansa’s earnings. Austrian Airlines will remain largely responsible for its financial performance and the quality of its products. The company will be managed as a profit center in Lufthansa Group. AUA will remain a broadly independent airline with its head office in Austria, its own brand, fleet and crew. Furthermore, Austrian air traffic infrastructure will also remain to a great extent, taking into consideration the needs of Vienna as a business location.

Financial Crisis The Accounting Sphere

Question: Describe about the Financial Crisis for The Accounting Sphere. Answer: Introduction The representation of financial audit has jurisdiction outside the accounting sphere involving the followings apart from the knowledge in accounting: informatics, mathematics, knowledge of financial analysis, knowledge of economics, judicial information, and ethics. The financial audits pluridisciplinarity can be explained in the following way: there must be verification of the financial audit in relation to the financial statements compliance with reality as well as the observation of the rules, principles, and the criteria established for presentation and registration related to the accounting information. In the time of financial crisis, a number of issues cropped up questioning the jurisdiction of the auditors role that were subjected to high level inquiry (Christodoulou, 2011). It is the time that is featured with the financial and economic reform process, the objective of which is implementing and promoting methodologies that are harmonized with good practice. The purpose of this paper is making the audit firms aware of the liabilities that are in place in the time of the financial crisis. The accounting standards are also addressed and changes required are recommended. The report is prepared for Sally Smith to narrate the auditors liabilities with special mention of Lehman Brothers case. Background In the times of financial instability, the logical step can be followed that has been necessary in understanding the crisis concept. The difficulties in the form of social, political, economic etc are manifested featuring testing, disorder, and tension in the society. The economic crisis takes place because of the economic activities difficult conditions, decline or stagnation in the economic activity, or a slowdown portending change. The financial crisis is a sign of economic crisis reflecting financial system that has been involved in mistrust (Clinch et al., 2012). This has been a drop in the stock exchanges transactions, characterized by the market mechanisms disorder. There is need for the financial systems for higher transparency with respect to a number of aspects. Firstly, there have been certain players in the financial market, in the likes of hedge funds having an important role in the mediation. However, this does not have the bindings of strict rules related to the reporting (Blume and Voigt, 2010). Their activities regulation can be established as to the way report would be reducing the volatility in the time of worsening of the market condition. The financial instruments being developed makes it a difficulty in determining price for them. However, the questions are raised at the same time related to the investors bearing the risk. The possibility related to the correct assessment of the risk and identification of the origin bearing the risk can be a helping hand in improving the supervision and the regulation of the financial system. The additional problem lies with the review model with respect to the performance of the investment portfolio and the identification of the ways in preventing risks. ISA 200 talks about the general principles and the objectives that govern the financial statements audit. The objective of the financial statements audit is enabling the auditor in expressing opinion on the extent of the preparation of the financial statement. This is according to the applicable framework of the financial reporting. The conduction of the process of audit should be according to the procedures pertaining to the professional and legal standards (Riksrevisionen, 2010). The report of the auditor is being signed and transported to the shareholders and the owners of the company. The professional can have the responsibility to issue an opinion on the entitys financial statement. In this respect, the auditor is responsible, although it is subject to substantial liability. In the time of performance of audit mission, there is assuming of considerable responsibility by the financial auditors as rendering the professional services nature and the audit engagement (Riksrevisionen, 2010). The initial assumption related to the liability of the auditor has been the audit engagements wordings. During the financial crisis 2010 and 2011, the audit became a high profile political issue. In the US, Brussels, and UK, the worldwide financial crisis has led to the making of series of inquiries that are of high level and related to the audits effectiveness (Larsson, 2011). In other countries, such as Singapore, regulators engage actively with stakeholders in accessing the way of enhancement of the audit. The Green Paper on audit that belongs to the European Commission was subject to debate in Brussels in 2011. This ultimately led to the legislation in relation to the auditing profession of Europe (Larsson, 2011). The Financial Services Commissioner of EC, Michel Barnier, at a high level summit gave a warning in Brussels that status quo cannot be maintained. The House of Lords Economic Affairs Committee in UK conducted an inquiry, which is highly critical in nature and into audit competition (Jackson, 2009). The Office of Fair Trading requires the complexity of the issues to be under examination by a body that is better resourced compared to the Parliamentary committee. The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board in United States examined the needs in relation to the changes of the auditor reporting model that was pursued with the consultation of various stakeholders (Jackson, 2009). The senate of United States has taken hearing where the standard setters and the regulators have been asked to provide evidence related to the accountancy professions role to prevent another financial crisis. The dominance of the Big Four in the audit market in Lords enquirys directly focus and one of the EC Green Papers key issues. This oligarchy pose a systematic risk and fear related to the turning into three drove of the four and its consequences that both enquiries sought answering. It is hard to find the solution. The FRC (Financial Reporting Council) in the register of the UK City have set out for the audit firms, companies, and investors, a Market Participants Group. FRS in June 2010, in the Progress Report made admission that till date the evidences are limited that there is major impact with recommendations on the market concentration and the arising of the risk from that concentration (Vandervelde et al., 2009). In fact, there was admission from the FRC that there was increase in the concentration. There is agreement of ACCA regarding the fact that greater market competition could be beneficial. In the banking sector, the institutions exist that are so big that they hardly can fail. This is seizing to be a healthy sign. There is no reason to believe that it is appropriate with regards to this kind of regulatory action. Neither it is appropriate that in the market; there would be artificial intelligence, such as to put caps on audits in terms of numbers that is allowable to any firm to be carrying out (Dijkman, 2010). The companies are possessed with the rights of appointing any firm of their choice and this kind of regulatory intervention that tries in bucking the market is not supportable. There is lack of involvement and apathy among the shareholders in the companies owned by them, which points towards the long term answer that must persuade them with the outlook that the serving of their best interests is through the audit marketplace which is healthy and competitive, and not an oligarchy (Gorton and Souleles, 2005). Albeit, the global companies that are the largest, requires inevitably the large global firms services, the shareholders and the directors of other listed companies must be considering whether or not servicing of the other audit firms can be as effective. Discussion In case of liabilities, auditors have a duty of care towards their audited entities. This has the involvement related to the lawful responsibility in carrying out the work with competence and skills, which the end users and society is liable to be expecting (Elder et al., 2009). Where, there is existence of duty, and work is seized to be carried out with respect to the required standard, such as end users are equipped with right of taking legal action against the auditors in seeking compensation with regards to the loss caused by their negligence. This exposure with regards to the liability is generally considered as something good. This is because the concentration of it is directed at the advisers mind driving customer care and quality. If there is no motivation of the advisers with respect to the retribution prospect for work of poor quality, and there is a threat that there would be failing by them in exercising the right level of care and skills. This is the reason that it is not advocated to free auditors from liability related to the sub standard work and mistakes (Elder et al., 2009). However, the example of Andersen is a thought over that collapsed in the scenario of post Enron scandal because of the ruining of its name. This indicates the equality in financial risk and reputational risk that acts as an incentive in giving the advice in best possible manner. There are reasons to believe that in certain cases, the rules pertaining to the liability of the auditors are seemingly unreasonable leading to consequences that are undesirable. The reference here is based on the several and joint liability existing in UK and several jurisdictions based on common law across the world. In this system, the party owing the duty of care and claiming to have the sufferance of loss is allowed in suing any or all parties that are responsible for creating that loss. The point that is important here is that when there is consideration that one of the parties is in a better position making it probable that it will be in a position in paying the claimed damages, while the plaintiff can have the choice of suing that party only with a let off of the others (Blommestein, 2009). There is need for the auditors of having indemnity insurance of professional nature that is considered to be the best targets, which is known as deep-pocket syndrome. The state of affairs like this can lead to a couple of results. Firstly, if there are constraints for the auditors in terms of the threats emanating from getting sued, they will be unwilling of getting involved in works that features innovation producing benefits to the stakeholders. In fact, the profession of auditing is being regularly accused that it very conservative. The couching reports are in legalistic and defensive terms as there is concern of avoiding litigation. In this point of time, when regulatory bodies and the stakeholders are looking increasingly for auditors in providing assurances on newly formed areas, such as the effectiveness of risk management in companies, the auditors are needed to be willingly expanding the work scope that cannot happen without the litigation threat be removed, which can destroy them (Huber et al., 2009). Secondly, with the direct relevance to the competition issue, the threat of suing can be a disincentive to the firms of smaller size getti ng involved with larger companies audit. Even, the firms having resources, experience and skills to be taking on the audit of larger companies, it may be compelled to be refraining from such a commitment if the associated risks with regards to the audit failure is enough of wiping out the company. The role of the audit firm (one of the big 4s), Ernst Young in the collapse of Lehman Brothers cannot be undermined. It is being argued that Ernst Young had the prior knowledge regarding the Lehman Brothers transaction of Repo 105. The Ernst Young had an agreement of paying $10 million to the New York state for settling the lawsuit, where they have overlooked the Lehman Brothers accounting gimmick. Lehman Brothers was accused of hiding billions in bad deals. Lehman Brothers, in 2001, considered a scheme called Repo 105 where they attempted in selling bad debts temporarily. This was under the condition that Lehman Brothers would be purchasing them beck within 10 days. The premium of 5 percent was paid for this service and not the usual 2 percent. In the balance sheet, the worst deals was excluded that made it look like the bank being financially healthy than what it was in reality (Singh. and Aitken, 2009). The Repo 105 was purchased by the corporations such as, UBS of Switzerland, Mitsubishi UFJ Financial Group, Mizuho Bank, KBC Bank of Belgium, and Barclays. However, there had been no law firm in US that recognized this novel technique as true sales. Ernst Young entered the picture at this time as they were contacted by Lehman Brothers for auditing their bank books. The Ernst Young, between 2001 and 2008was paid by Lehman Brothers to the tune of $150 million for certifying the financial statement of the bank as being accurate and true. The bank, however, collapsed in September 2008 that triggered the economic crisis globally. The state attorney general of New York, in 2010, sued Ernst Young because of its failure for reporting the scheme. The Ernst Young, in October 2013, agreed in paying $99 million for settling the lawsuit that the investors of Lehman Brothers brought about (Desmond, 2008). The practice of collection of the third party evidence has been a normal practice. However, there is greater emphasis of the evidence whose origin is from outside, being regarded as stronger compared to the evidence that originates internally. The judge in the Pacific Acceptance case was of the view that if the certificates were not to be ascertained physically by the auditors, there should be ascertainment as the third party systems reliability (Johnson, 2000, pp.62-72). In addition, there should be obtainment of corroborative evidences by the auditors. For example, if a company has invested in another company, the dividends that there may be can be checked with the inspection of cash book entry and dividend warranty. The classic case of Kingston Cotton Mills Ltd (1896) had the judgment that it is the auditors duty in probing into the depth only when there arousing of a suspicion. The statutory auditor brought the weakness to the managing directors notice that alerted the management, which is held judicially to be one responsible primarily for the protection of the company assets. This can be put up as defense against any subsequent claim for the information to be passed on to the management (Aspen, 1981). Recommendations There have been some recommendations in this paper with an intention of allowing the audit market for working more efficiently and, in long and medium term, increasing the choice of audit. The inclusive recommendations are: (a) reduction in the directors perceived risk, which have chosen the auditor that is non-Big four; (b) measures of the demand side to be making the boards with more accountability for the shareholders; and (c) the measures of the supply side having intention of encouraging the non-Big Four offering the services of the audit to the entities of the large public interest. The recommendations that could be forwarded in 2008 to the member states that provide encouragement to all of them to be limiting the audit work liability. However, no evidence have been found that there can be any effect detrimental to the audit work quality, be it statutory cap or means other than that. Conclusion The massive scale of financial crisis pervading the globe and in the several countries and the bailouts of banks with the taxpayers money makes it right that the accountants and the auditors role must be questioned. In spite of the inquiries taking place, there has been no argument with regards to the necessity of the audit. The audit firms that are biggest in the business are best placed for innovation in meeting the needs of the market and a willingness of taking on a superior role, especially if the issue of the corresponding liability is addressed. This profession is often attributed with a defensive mindset with a replacement of pre-crisis mindset by an acceptance that there is desirability and necessity for change. The Lehman Brothers case demonstrates that there is considerable liability on the part of auditors towards the third. The auditors can be sued on this ground and force them to return the benefits they received from their clients having obligations to the third parties. References Aspen, C., 1981. The Cotton Industry. Shire Publications Ltd, Aylesbury. Blommestein, H.J., 2009. The Financial Crisis as a symbol of failure of academic finance (a methodological digression). The Journal of Financial Transformation, Fall. Blume, L. and Voigt, S., 2010. Does organizational design of supreme audit institutions matter? A cross-country assessment. European Journal of Political Economy, 27, 2, pp. 215-229. Christodoulou, M., 2011.U.K. Auditors Criticized on Bank Crisis. Wall Street Journal. Clinch, G., Stokes, D. and Zhu, T., 2012. Audit quality and information asymmetry between traders. Accounting Finance,52(3): 743. Desmond, M., 2008.Lehman Ties Dim Constellation.Forbes. Dijkman, M., 2010. A Framework for Assessing Systemic Risk. Policy Research Working Paper 5282, World Bank. Elder, R. J., Zhang, Y., Zhou, J. and Zhou, N., 2009. Internal Control Weaknesses and Client Risk Management. Journal of Accounting, Auditing and Finance, Vol. 24, no. 4, 543-579. Gorton, G. and Souleles, N., 2005. Special Purpose Vehicles and Securitization. FRB Philadelphia Working Paper. Huber, J., Shubik, M. and Sunder, S., 2009. Default penalty as disciplinary and selection mechanism in presence of multiple equilibria. Cowles Foundation Working Paper 1730, October 2009. Jackson, J. K., 2009. The Financial Crisis: Impact on and Response by the European Union. Congressional Research Service. Johnson, R., 2000. Back to-Back Loans: A Fraud in Transition. Australian Accounting Review, pp. 62-72. Larsson, M. N., 2011. Fiscal policy and financial crises what are the actual effects of fiscal policy? Norges Bank Economic Bulletin, Vol. 82. 24-38. Riksrevisionen., 2010. The Causes of the Global Financial Crisis and their Implications for Supreme Audit Institutions. Swedish National Audit Office, Stockholm. Singh, M. and Aitken,J., 2009. Deleveraging After Lehman-Evidence from Reduced Rehypothecation. IMF Working Paper No.09/42, at 7. Vandervelde, S., Tubbs, R., Schepanski, A. and Messier, W., 2009. Experimental Tests of a Descriptive Theory of Combined Auditee Risk Assessment. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, pp. 145 169.

UChicago 2017-2018 Supplemental Essay Prompts

University of Chicago is known to allow students to really showcase their creativity and personalities in their UChicago application through the school’s Extended Essay questions. Interested in applying? The 2017-2018 essay prompts are out now! UChicago’s application requires 3 essays: the personal statement, Why UChicago supplement and a response to one of the following prompts: Essay Prompt #1: â€Å"The aim of argument, or of discussion, should not be victory, but progress.† – Joseph Joubert Sometimes, people talk a lot about popular subjects to assure ‘victory’ in conversation or understanding, and leave behind topics of less popularity, but great personal or intellectual importance. What do you think is important but under-discussed? -Anonymous Suggestion Essay Prompt #2: Due to a series of clerical errors, there is exactly one typo (an extra letter, a removed letter, or an altered letter) in the name of every department at the University of Chicago. Oops! Describe your new intended major. Why are you interested in it and what courses or areas of focus within it might you want to explore? Potential options include Commuter Science, Bromance Languages and Literatures, Pundamentals: Issues and Texts, Ant History a full list of unmodified majors ready for your editor’s eye is available here. -Inspired by Josh Kaufman, Class of 2018 Essay Prompt #3: Earth. Fire. Wind. Water. Heart! Captain Planet supposes that the world is made up of these five elements. We’re familiar with the previously-noted set and with actual elements like hydrogen, oxygen, and carbon, but select and explain another small group of things (say, under five) that you believe compose our world. -Inspired by Dani Plung, Class of 2017 Essay Prompt #4: The late New York Times photographer Bill Cunningham once said Fashion is the armor to survive the reality of everyday life. I don’t think you could do away with it. It would be like doing away with civilization. Tell us about your â€Å"armor.† -Inspired by Adam Berger, Class of 2020 Essay Prompt #5: Fans of the movie Sharknado say that they enjoy it because â€Å"it’s so bad, it’s good.† Certain automobile owners prefer classic cars because they â€Å"have more character.† And recently, vinyl record sales have skyrocketed because it is perceived that they have a warmer, fuller sound. Discuss something that you love not in spite of but rather due to its quirks or imperfections. -Inspired by Alex Serbanescu, Class of 2021 Essay Prompt #6: In the spirit of adventurous inquiry, pose your own question or choose one of our past prompts. Be original, creative, thought provoking. Draw on your best qualities as a writer, thinker, visionary, social critic, sage, citizen of the world, or future citizen of the University of Chicago; take a little risk, and have fun. - Have a few ideas, but not sure how to approach these essay prompts? Get some inspiration from past successful UChicago applicants. Here’s 5 UChicago Supplemental Essay Examples to help you get started. Or you can unlock our UChicago Starter package with 5 student profiles of students accepted to UChicago:Want more? Ourpremium plansoffer different level of profile access and data insights that can help you get into your dream school. Unlock any of ourpackagesor search ourundergraduate profile databaseto find specific profiles that can help you make an informed choice about where to apply!

An Explanation of Wechsler Intelligence Tests

An Explanation of Wechsler Intelligence Tests The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is an intelligence test which determines an individual childs  IQ, or intelligence quotient. It was developed by Dr. David Wechsler (1896-1981), who was the chief psychologist of New York Citys Bellevue Psychiatric Hospital. The test that is typically administered today is the 2014 revision of the test that was originally devised in 1949. It is known as WISC-V. Over the years, the WISC test has been updated several times, each time changing the name to represent the proper edition of the test. At times, some institutions will still utilize older versions of the test. In the latest WISC-V, there are new and separate Visual Spatial and Fluid Reasoning index scores, as well as  new measures of the following skills: Visual spatial abilityQuantitative fluid reasoningVisual working memoryRapid automatized naming/naming facilityVisual-verbal associative memory Dr. Wechsler developed two other commonly used intelligence tests: the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI). WPPSI is designed to assess children aged 3 to 7 years and 3 months. The WISC essentially outlines  students intellectual strengths and weaknesses and provides insight into their overall cognitive abilities and potential. The test also compares children to peers of a similar age. In the most general terms, the goal is to determine the potential for a child to grasp new information. While this assessment can be a great predictor of potential, the IQ level is, by no means, a guarantee of success or failure.   Where the Wechsler Test Is Used Private schools serving children in 4th through 9th grades often use WISC-V as part of their admissions testing procedures, which may be in place of, or in addition to, other admission testing like the SSAT. Those private schools that use it do so to determine both a childs intelligence and his or her performance in school relative to that intelligence level. What the Test Determines WISC determines a childs intellectual capabilities. It is frequently used to diagnose learning difference, such as  ADD or ADHD. The test also helps to assess strengths in order to determine  gifted children. The WISC test indices are verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed. The subtests allow precise modeling of a childs intellectual abilities and readiness for learning. Interpreting the Test Data Pearson Education, a company that sells the Wechsler testing products, also scores the tests. The clinical data that the tests provide helps the admissions staff develop a complete understanding of your childs intellectual strengths and weaknesses. However, the wide range of assessment scores can be daunting for many and difficult to understand. Not only do school officials, like teachers and admission representatives, need to understand these reports and what the scores mean, but also the parents.   According to the Pearson Education Website, there are options for the type of score reporting available for the WISC-V, which will provide a narrative explanation of the scores including (the following bullet points are quoted from the website): Narrative summary of the child’s background, history, and test behaviorsInterpretation of the Full Scale IQ and all primary, ancillary, and complementary index scoresIntegration of the reason for referral in test score interpretationRecommendations based on WISC–V performanceOptional Parent Summary Report Preparing for the Test Your child cannot prepare for WISC-V or other IQ tests by studying or reading. These tests are not designed to test what you know or how much you know, but rather, they are designed to determine the test-takers capacity to learn. Typically tests like the WISC consist of tasks that assess various measures of intelligence, including spatial recognition, analytical thinking, mathematical ability, and even short-term memory. As such, just make sure that your child gets plenty of rest and relaxation before the test. The school is accustomed to administering these tests and will instruct your child what to do at the appropriate time.

Carl philipp emanuel bach Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Carl philipp emanuel bach - Essay Example This essay considers general background information of the composer, aspects of the musical theory of composition, and a review of various musical compositions. Emanuel Bach was born in Weimar, Germany. As a son famed Johann Sebastian Bach, the younger Bach gained access to a prestigious musical education. At the age of ten he entered the St. Thomas School at Leipzig. He would pursue jurisprudence at a variety of universities after leaving the St. Thomas School, including the universities of Leipzig and of Frankfurt. Bach received his degree at the age of twenty-four. At this time he decided to abandon his legal career and pursue music full-time. In 1740 he would become a member of the royal orchestra. At this time he was recognized as the foremost clavier-player in Europe. His compositions during this period included sonatas for the harpsichord and clavichord. He would later publish a text ‘An Essay on the True Art of Playing Keyboard Instruments’ that would foreground many techniques for keyboard playing, including the use of thumbs. Much of the techniques developed in this text would influence later famed composers Haydn, Mozart, and Beethoven. Bach would go to move to Berlin where he would compose perhaps his most seminal works. During this period Bach composed Magnificat (1749), Easter cantata (1756), as well as an assortment of symphonies and concertos. The bulk of his composition was written for the clavichord, which he composed over two hundred sonatas and assorted solos. Much of his work would influence the methods of Muzio Clementi and Johann Baptist Cramer. Bach would go on to become director of music at Hamburg and began to focus his attention on church music. He would later marry and live out the rest of his life in Hamburg. He died in December 1788. Bach’s music had a tremendous influence on later composers, perhaps most prominently being held in high regard by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig Van Beethoven. Bach’s maj or musical influence is as a result of his famed keyboard sonatas. In these regards, they gained esteem for breaking away from previous Italian and Viennese styles and foregrounding new methods of musical expression. Still, Bach is recognized for being a prominent member of the First Viennese School. Within this mode of production, Bach is recognized for the extreme emotional range and unpredictability he demonstrated within a single work (Whitmore 1988). In terms of musical output Emanuel Bach has a tremendous array of material. He has over a hundred keyboard sonatas. In addition to the keyboard sonatas, he has a wide variety of fugues for organ and keyboard. Finally he has over a hundred keyboard concertos (‘C.P.E. Bach’). In all Bach’s tremendous output totals nearly one thousand unique compositions. The album I listened to was Emanuel Bach’s ‘Hamburg Sinfonias’. This collection contained Bach’s 1-6 Sinfonias. In listening to the col lection of Sinfonias I am struck by their upbeat nature. While later artists such as Beethoven and Mozart oftentimes seemed to explore dark themes, Bach’s tendency is to generally stay within an upbeat atmosphere. Within these compositions, however, are tremendous variety of form and structure. It’s clear that within these variety of emotions Bach has gained his greatest levels of esteem. For instance, Bach Sinfonia in B flat major begins with an allegro pace and transitions to a symphonic type presentation of instrumentation. The musical tone of the piece

Research paper from Supply Chain Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Paper from Supply Chain - Research Proposal Example This is easier said than done. Although Singapore is well located and well connected by all modes of transport, the uncertainties of a supply chain have to be understood in order to achieve plan its management. Having a good range of suppliers is not enough as the chain involves logistics as well. Apart from this there are different priorities and concerns of each of them and for a specific operation the entire chain has to work on agreed schedules and timelines so that both short and excess supplies and timely deliveries are organized in a way that all links in the chain have a chance to make a fair margin. If it not a win-win situation for all stake holders then the link will break and the entire supply chain management will become distraught. In the current worldwide scenario many disruptions contribute to the disruption of the supply chain. The latest among them being terrorism that knows no boundaries and respects none. Risk management has therefore become a huge concern. The other more normal constraints are different perceptions of the stakeholders, logistics and storage issues. The objective of this research is to identify the obstacles to good supply chain management in Singapore and to suggest possible remedies. Purchase is the foundation of making an effective Supply Chain. A good purchase will often result in better margins. Organizations have specialist purchase departments. Since there are individuals who finally make decisions their judgment, whether individually or in groups, are influenced by the environment they work in. Kohli (1989) proposed that influence is a function of personal resources or power. Sheth (1973) maintains that the psychological world of the decision makers affects purchasing behaviour. This will include the special knowledge the purchaser has acquired, the training he has received, the skills he has developed and the seller networking he commands. Best Practices

Nanotechnology Applications in Medicine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nanotechnology Applications in Medicine - Essay Example Atiyeh states â€Å"silver is a viable treatment option for burns and open wounds† (Atiyeh 139). The technology of nano medicines has blessed the human mankind with some exhilarating aptitudes and possibilities. Nanomedicines have made it possible to transform various techniques that were previously in the stage of imagination and testing to their actual usage in the present era. The technology involving utilization of nanoparticles in medication is at present under augmentation. However, long term prospects of research in this field suggest that the nano-robots can be used to make adjustments at cellular level in the human body. The advantages of nanotechnology in the discipline of medicine could refashion the fate of medicine by apprehending and medicating the human body in any kind of ailments related to various diseases. The bright future of nanotechnology also advocates that those techniques that were imagined a few years before are now making fortunate progress towards r ealism. Application of Nanomedicine in Drug Delivery One remarkable appositeness of nanotechnology in the field of medicine is the employment of nanoparticles to convey medicines, heat, light and various other type of materials to the disease causing cells for example cancer cells. These nanoparticles are manipulated in a way that they are lured towards diseased cells and then directly treat these cells. By this technique injuries to the healthy cells are reduced and disease is encountered much earlier as compared to other techniques. Nanoparticles that are involved in the allocation of chemotherapy drugs to the cancer cells are under the process of advancement. The consummation of Phase 1 Clinical Trial of the directly targeted chemotherapy annihilator drugs are communicated by some organizations like CytImmune and BIND Biosciences (Torchilin, 282). Although the tests are in progress but their approval for the ultimately final administration on cancer sufferers is still imminent. T he utilization of heat along with chemotherapy medicines to the cancerous cell is another alternate form of nanomedicine that is used to treat cancer patients. The remarkable technique involves usage of gold nanorods to which DNA strands are adhered. These DNA fibers serve as platform and grasp collectively together the gold nanorod along with the chemotherapy medicines. When the cancerous cells are irradiated with infrared light, these rods suck up the infrared light and convert it into heat energy. The warm temperature helps to liberate the drug and obliterate the cancer cells. Research is also being executed to develop a nanoparticle that is able to skirmish viruses. The nanoparticle does not itself consist of the ability to devastate viruses but it clement an enzyme that diable the reproductive mechanism of viruses in the patient’s body. Another investigation is being done on nanoparticles that can treat neurological disorders by releasing medicines through the brain barr ier. Increasing immune reactions by combining the vaccine particles to DNA nanoparticles is another practice on which explorations are going on. These special vaccine molecules mark the white blood cells directly and enhance their immune response many folds. Nanomedicine Application in Therapy Techniques The nanoparticles made up of polyethylene glycol-hydrophilic carbon clusters (PEG-HCC) have the ability to absorb free radicals at an elevated speed than the original free radicals

Performance Management in Human Resource Management

Performance Management in Human Resource Management The following essay critically evaluates the relative importance of Performance Management and the role it plays in effective Human Resource Management in organisations today, whilst referring to relevant HRM theories, models and tools. The importance of PM in relation to other HRM functions will also be discussed, including the need for integration across HRM practices and management of the organisation as a whole. People are undoubtedly the most important, valuable and costly resource for an organisation and how this resource is managed can have a direct impact on an individuals performance and the organisation as a whole. Many organisations have set up a Performance Management Process. In its simplest form, it is based on the concept of, in order to be the best; everyone needs to continually improve their performance. A PM process supports this and all people managers are responsible for ensuring that the process is effectively carried out. In their study, Armstrong and Baron (2009) define PM as a process which contributes to the effective management of individuals and teams in order to achieve high levels of organisational performance. As such, it establishes shared understanding about what is to be achieved and an approach to leading and developing people which will ensure that it is achieved. They stress that PM is a strategy which relates to every activity of the organisation set in the c ontext of its human resource policies, culture, style and communications systems. The nature of the strategy depends on the organisational context and can vary from organisation to organisation. Michael Armstrong states that Performance Management is a process which is designed to improve organisational, team and individual performance and which is owned and driven by line managers. In order to drive effective PM, line managers are required to set clear objectives for performance and communicate these to individuals in their team. They are required to provide timely and appropriate feedback on performance levels, including regular one to one discussions and to develop each individuals ability to perform at their best. In their article, Sally Selden and Jessica E. Sowa (2011), state that in exploring PM, one must start with an explanation of the process of managing individual employee performance. Typically, the process starts at the top of the organization with management developing a performance management policy. Managers generally control performance by influencing inputs and by feedback provided by outputs. They state that the ultimate objective of a PM process is to align individual performance with organisational performance. An organisations PM process, however, is subject to interpretation by individual employees who may not necessarily react to signals in the same way. David Guest (1997) in particular suggests that the impact of HRM practices, such as PM depends upon the employees perception and evaluation, prompting the need for scholars studying PM to recognise the crucial role of employee perceptions and to incorporate them into the analysis and construction of PM in organisations. An analysis of a typical Performance planning in organisations today would involve the creating of a Performance Development Plan (PDP) for an individual. A PDP may consist of the following sections: 1. what am I going to achieve? (My objectives) linked to the organisations strategy and possibly mission statement 2. How am I doing? used to track progress against objectives 3. How I will achieve my objectives? (my competencies) and 4. My PDP, which would include areas for the individuals development, actions to take, support needed and from whom and how the individual will know they have been successful Most organisations today use SMART objective setting (Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound). The PDP would also record a review of discussions and include career aspirations and time frames. Santander (2012) state that the PDP is a living document; it should be amended as and when required. It is recommended that monthly reviews are held to make sure any issues or changes to the PDP can be discussed. In addition, they state that Formal Reviews of an individual take place twice a year mid year and end of year. During these informal and formal review meetings, the following elements should be considered : assessing performance against agreed targets and objectives, providing feedback, positive reinforcement ( emphasising what has been done well and making only constructive criticism about what might be improved ), two-way conversation an open exchange of views about what has happened and agreement jointly coming to an understanding about what needs to be done to improve performance generally and overcome any issues raised in the course of the discussion. Managing staff performance should be managing for the individual to succeed not fail. The centrepiece of a PM system is typically the performance appraisal. A Performance Appraisal (Review) is an opportunity for individual employees and line managers to engage in a dialogue about the individuals performance and development, as well as support required from the manager (CIPD, 2011). A performance appraisal has many purposes such as clarifying expectations, reviewing past performance, motivating employees and assessing potential/promotability. There are many benefits of appraisal but equally there are potential problems such as the over reliance on outcomes rather than performance and the interviews themselves can cause anxiety. So, does a performance appraisal constitute a PM? While performance appraisal is an important part of PM, in itself it is not PM, rather it is one of the range of tools that can be used to manage performance. The performance appraisal is often the central pillar of PM. Our 2009 PM survey found that a large majority of organisations use individual appraisals as part of PM programmes. However, it is a common mistake to assume that if organisations implement performance appraisals, they have PM. This is not the case. PM is a holistic process bringing together many activities that collectively contribute to the effective management of individuals and teams in order to achieve high levels of organisational performance. The process is strategic, in that it is about broader issues and long-term goals, and integrated in that it links various aspects of the business, people management, individuals and teams. Performance appraisal on the other hand is operational, short-to-medium-term and conc erned only with individual employees and their performance and development. While it is one of the tools of PM, and the data produced can feed into other elements of PM, appraisal by itself does not constitute PM. Bratton and Gold (2012) state that ideally an organisation should have a variety of techniques to encourage appraisal and PM culture including downward appraisal immediate manager, self appraisal, peer/team appraisal, upward appraisal, multisource and 360 degree appraisal. The latter is where feedback is gathered from a wide range of commentators typically including the individuals direct reports, customers and colleagues, as well as the line manager. Its supporters claim that this gives managers and individuals better information about skills and performance, as well as working relationships, compared with more traditional appraisal arrangements based on line managers assessments. With 360 degree feedback, typically eight to ten people complete questionnaires describing the individuals performance (including themselves). The questionnaire usually consists of a number of statements rated on a scale. The ensuing report should summarise the answers given. It often shows the actual ra tings given for each question, as well as averages for each question and for each competency, and any written comments. Ideally the feedback from the whole process should be made anonymous and presented to the recipient by a skilled coach. Like other forms of appraisals, the 360 degree feedback should not bring any great surprises to individuals. Its focus, rather, should be on helping them to understand how their behaviour is perceived by others and confirming the behaviour that is most likely to get results. If implemented correctly, those supporting 360 feedback feel it can achieve certain key objectives 1) identifying differences between the way individuals see themselves and how they are perceived by others, 2) establishing differences between the perceptions of different groups of respondents and 3) in doing so, helping to make PM a more objective and fair process. Numerous studies of PM have been conducted over the years, one of which is the Fine Intentions article by Duncan Brown and Wendy Hirsh (2011). Their article questions whether PM is a worthy successor to appraisals, PM systems are seen by HR as a route to fulfilling many complex requirements beyond simply linking people to organisational success but is that too tall an order, they question? There are many studies showing powerful links between people management practices and organisational performance, and appraisal usually comes out as a key practice in this regard. The key conclusion, they state, to be drawn from their work is that PM is indeed a vitally important process for employers. But it is also extremely difficult to implement effectively. They lost count of the number of times that the process was described to them in their studies as a turgid exercise in box ticking or form filling something you do to keep HR quiet. In their article, they site two case studies to illustr ate the current trends and improvements that can be made to PM processes 1. BT Operate a sharp focus on getting personal objectives aligned throughout the organisation, clarity about performance standards, and a clear line of sight between individual, team and business performance. There has also been significant support and training for people managers to enable them to deliver great performance practice. 2. Oxfam GB presents both opportunities and challenges for PM. Staff here are highly motivated by the mission, but that can tempt them to set unrealistic work goals and to be reluctant to take time away from immediate tasks in order to focus on their own performance and development. Following the case studies, Brown Hirsh highlight the following 4 areas that HR could adopt to build more effective PM Get strategic (HR thinking less about PM as a process and more about how it can support all employees to achieve individual goals in support of organisations strategy); Keep it sim ple (simplify and clarify their processes); Focus on the feedback; and Equip the managers (training tailored to needs). Another study of PM and Appraisal in Human Organizations: Management and Staff Perspectives (Seldon Sowa, 2011) states that PM systems have been studied extensively in the public and for-profit sectors but not adequately explored in the non-profit sector. Their study addresses this gap and identifies gaps in the perception of management and staff concerning PM, and then identifying five different models of PM systems, concluding with lessons for practice. Organisations typically develop PM processes to motivate employees. The process can motivate employees by establishing expectations and providing feedback on achievement of those expectations. Ideally, the organisation can then target training to address the weaknesses identified or areas of potential growth. In addition, they can adopt compensation systems to reward the achievement of goals. Managing individual performance should result in higher employee satisfaction and morale and lower employee turnover, a process that has been demonstrated in research on public organisations. Their findings conclude that the non-profit organisations in their study do not rely on performance-based monetary rewards and incentives as critical components of their PM systems. Therefore, they state, it is important to focus on the possibility of other rewards tied to the PM system, such as job enrichment and job enlargement. They conclude that the preferable model of PM is the multi-feedback PM system for non-profit organisations and present three lessons to drive future research and practice: 1. Management to ensure that employees understand the PM system; 2. PM tools are underutilized in this sector; 3. PM is associated with positive employee outcomes, such as turnover, job satisfaction, enjoyment of job and commitment to the job. Many organisations today conduct regular employee opinion surveys to assess staff engagement. As Ben Willmott, senior policy adviser at the CIPD says: In the current environment, there is evidence that people are under increasing pressure in the workplace, that theres a growing trust deficit between people at the bottom and the top of organisations. Youve also got the squeeze on incomes, with people either having their pay frozen or receiving pay rises that are less than the rate of inflation. Against that backdrop, its difficult to build engagement. (Willmott, 2007). The Guest model of human resource management reflected the view that a core set of integrated HRM practices can achieve superior individual and organisational performance. According to Guest (1997), HRM differs from personnel management, and he attempts to identify the major assumptions or stereotypes underpinning each approach to employment management. He analyses HRM practices from selection, training, appraisal, rewards, job design, involvement and status and security. Most organisations today offer a comprehensive Rewards and Benefits package which can be used to both attract and retain employees. Reward Management, as part of HRM, incorporates rewarding people in relation to their value to the organisation as measured by their actual and potential contribution, and matching rewards and incentives to peoples needs and goals. In defining their Reward packages, organisations must consider external competitiveness and internal equity, aim to maintain or improve levels of employee performance and comply with employment legislation and regulations. Packages can include benefits such as (14) reduced rates on Apple products, all employee car scheme, partnership shares, retirement plan, childcare vouchers, performance related pay, incentive schemes linked to role and numerous others. Pay progression within companies usually depends on individual performance linked to PM, market rate and competency. According to CIPD (2012), 66% of organisations use a co mbination approach to pay progression e.g. individual performance and length of service. Employers need to align the rewards desired by employees with the needs of business. There are various elements to reward and it is important that they choose the appropriate mix of base to variable pay, fixed to flexible packages and pay to non-pay rewards. They should be aware of the various organizational risks that are involved when making decisions on how they reward and recognize individual and collective contribution. It is important that an appropriate communications strategy is adopted to explain to staff what behaviours, values and performances the organisation is rewarding, how and why (CIPD, 2012). Within HRM, organisations have a sickness absence policy which clearly sets out their policy statement and both employer and employee responsibilities. In the Annual Report 2011 CIPD (2012) assessed their conclusions on absence management and, giving line managers primary responsibility for managing absence remains one of the most commonly used approaches for managing absence. Serious commitment to flexible working practices within HRM may help reduce absence due to stress, home/family responsibilities and illegitimate reasons, all of which remain common causes of absence for a sizeable proportion of organizations. Their findings conclude that investment in promoting employee well-being and managing stress at work is worthwhile. A focus on these issues and employee engagement, they state, will promote attendance and organizational performance. To conclude, Performance Management is a crucial and fundamental function of human resource management. It focuses on setting a clear process for managers to follow in order to get the best from their people. The total rewards system and 360degree feedback performance analysiss seem very appropriate to be used by all organizations, to enhance employee performances and involvement. Writing this essay has taught me a great deal about the pressure involved in being a line manager and the standards required to do so effectively.

Young Goodman Brown: Evil is the Nature of Mankind Essay -- Young Goo

Young Goodman Brown: Evil is the Nature of Mankind " 'Lo! there ye stand, my children,' said the figure, in a deep and solemn tone, almost sad, with its despairing awfulness, as if his once angelic nature could yet mourn for our miserable race. 'Depending upon one another's hearts, ye had still hoped, that virtue were not all a dream. Now are undeceived! Evil is the nature of mankind. Evil must be your only happiness. Welcome, again, my children, to the communion of your race!' " This particular quote has the mark of cynicism that although may not be common in our time for writing, was probably a very common writing style during certain times in the history of American Literature. This of course would depend on the dominating religious culture of the time. Since Nathaniel Hawthorne's writings were created briefly after the times of the Salem Witch Trials, since one of his ancestors was a judge at the trials, it would be apparent to most that the religious overtones were ones of the righteousness and damnation (Norton Anthol ogy, p. 547). Their inherant belief, which was very much portrayed in the story, was in predestination. This meant that they believed that all the chosen ones were selected before birth by God, and no matter what their actions were, they were saved. Everyone else apparently went to hell. They believed that one could tell who a chosen one was by their deeds and action of goodness and kindness. However, one should still try to be as good as they possibly could even if they weren't one of the chosen because God might have mercy on them and save them anyway for being so good. So the concensus during this particular time was that those that were righteous were chosen and that everyone in ... ...d refers to a group of people sharing something in common, but given the context of the story, we can't ignore the biblical connotations of communion. Therefore we are justified in pointing out these various definitions of communion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obviously Nathaniel Hawthorne demonstrates his skill at combining many meanings and implications about the pervasive evil nature of man in the story Young Goodman Brown. This statement can be argued by observing both his literal and symbolic meanings. "Evil is the nature of mankind." This is the epitome of the story from Satan's taking the persona of a religious leader to the people viewing him as one. The story can be read at many different levels from the shallow reader to the very indepth reader. However, behind every level is the underlying theme that evil is the nature of mankind. Young Goodman Brown: Evil is the Nature of Mankind Essay -- Young Goo Young Goodman Brown: Evil is the Nature of Mankind " 'Lo! there ye stand, my children,' said the figure, in a deep and solemn tone, almost sad, with its despairing awfulness, as if his once angelic nature could yet mourn for our miserable race. 'Depending upon one another's hearts, ye had still hoped, that virtue were not all a dream. Now are undeceived! Evil is the nature of mankind. Evil must be your only happiness. Welcome, again, my children, to the communion of your race!' " This particular quote has the mark of cynicism that although may not be common in our time for writing, was probably a very common writing style during certain times in the history of American Literature. This of course would depend on the dominating religious culture of the time. Since Nathaniel Hawthorne's writings were created briefly after the times of the Salem Witch Trials, since one of his ancestors was a judge at the trials, it would be apparent to most that the religious overtones were ones of the righteousness and damnation (Norton Anthol ogy, p. 547). Their inherant belief, which was very much portrayed in the story, was in predestination. This meant that they believed that all the chosen ones were selected before birth by God, and no matter what their actions were, they were saved. Everyone else apparently went to hell. They believed that one could tell who a chosen one was by their deeds and action of goodness and kindness. However, one should still try to be as good as they possibly could even if they weren't one of the chosen because God might have mercy on them and save them anyway for being so good. So the concensus during this particular time was that those that were righteous were chosen and that everyone in ... ...d refers to a group of people sharing something in common, but given the context of the story, we can't ignore the biblical connotations of communion. Therefore we are justified in pointing out these various definitions of communion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Obviously Nathaniel Hawthorne demonstrates his skill at combining many meanings and implications about the pervasive evil nature of man in the story Young Goodman Brown. This statement can be argued by observing both his literal and symbolic meanings. "Evil is the nature of mankind." This is the epitome of the story from Satan's taking the persona of a religious leader to the people viewing him as one. The story can be read at many different levels from the shallow reader to the very indepth reader. However, behind every level is the underlying theme that evil is the nature of mankind.

Nike Promotions Essay

After looking at Nike’s marketing strategy with respect to product, price, place and promotion, the outstanding success of the brand name calls for more attention to Nike’s promotional strategies. Nike’s promotions and advertisements have been deemed the best in the retail industry. The â€Å"Just Do It† slogan is supposedly one of the most famous and easily recognized slogans in advertising history. It would be safe to claim that brand management is easily one of Nike’s core capabilities. With the company’s advertising budget today reaching $2.4 billion, it is worth looking into Nike’s advertising strategies and how these strategies helped strengthen the brand image. 1980-1988: Early Advertising Before television advertisements, Nike released several successful print ads. One of its earliest print ad campaigns was the â€Å"There is no finish line† campaign by John Brown and Partners. The posters were an instant hit, since, it did not focus on the running shoe product, but instead on the person wearing the shoes. At this early stage, Nike saw the lucrative value in sports sponsorships. The company began sponsoring track and field athletes like Carl Lewis. With lucky breaks, Nike signed some bigger names in the athletic world like Wayne Gretzy and, probably the most important sponsorship signing in Nike history, Michael Jordan. 1988: The JUST DO IT Campaign This campaign was probably Nike’s most known and successful. In 1988, Nike worked with ad agency Wieden and Kennedy to create the slogan Just Do It. The company used this campaign to cash in on the jogging/fitness craze of the 80s. Top competitor Reebok was sweeping the aerobics race so Nike responded with Just Do It ads that practically shamed people into exercising, and more importantly, to exercise in Nikes. The Just Do It ads truly embodied the philosophy of grit, determination and passion to encourage consumers to embrace the culture of fitness rather than focus on the product. The Just Do It campaigns were also successful because of their celebrity features including Bo Jackson, John McEnroe, and Michael Jordan. These famous athletes reassured the quality of the Nike product and gave Nike a â€Å"hip† brand image. These ads were basically turning sweaty, pain-ridden exercise into something sexy and exciting. And lastly, the Just Do It ads were usually humorous, thus connecting to consumers on a level that made them comfortable and feeling positive about the brand. 2000-2005 Using its cooperations with various ad agencies, Nike released several popular and well-received TV commercials. In fact, the company received two Emmy awards for best commercial twice. The first was for â€Å"The Morning After,† which featured a runner on his morning jog on January 1, 2000, facing the chaos of the Y2K predictions. The commercial really connected to consumer emotions, as speculations of the new millennium were the conversation buzz around that time. The second Emmy was for a Nike commercial called â€Å"Move† that featured many famous and regular athletes performing a serious of athletic pursuits in a creative â€Å"pass it on† way. Starting in 2005, Nike released another successful ad campaign that were targeted at athletic woman. The ad focused on women’s Thunder Thighs and Big Butts, encouraging them to embrace their athletic body parts and shapes. This was yet another successful way Nike connected to the consumer on a personal level, as we all know that women tend to care about their self images. 2005 to Present Having built up an empire of a brand, Nike continued to focus on celebrity endorsements. Nike took famous athletes in a variety of sports to feature them in ads. LeBron James from basketball, Tom Brady from football, Ronaldhino from soccer, Roger Federer from tennis and Tiger Woods from golf, just to name a few. Using the A-list, top-notch names in the athletic world really helped tip Nike over into the â€Å"elite† brand division. At this point, Nike is reaching its peak in sales and in brand image. Having reached this peak, Nike is now changing up the promotion game and branching out to the digital world. With a 40% decrease in print and TV advertising, Nike is now trying to stray away from superstars. Now that Nike as perfected the art of branding, it is moving on to a world where consumers want to be told less. In 2010, Nike launched its new marketing division called Nike Digital Sport. This digital focus on sports conceived the Nike+ platform, which is a marriage of Apple and Nike technologies that allows people to track their athletic performance. It is also a platform that allows Nike to virtually have personal conversations with its consumers and, subtly study its consumer’s behavioural patterns. Overall, it seems like Nike is always in tune with consumer preferences and addresses them through strategic and well-executed advertising tactics. It is no surprise that the Nike brand is one of the most well recognized in the world.

The Thing essays

The Thing essays The Thing is a cult classic film that was based on a short story by famed science-fiction author John W. Campbell, Jr., entitled 'Who Goes There? John Carpenter directed the Movie in 1982, and is a remake from an earlier edition made in the 1950s. In Carpenters work he sets a strong theme of paranoia and isolation through a shape-shifting monster, or alien that physically imitates the host of who it kills...which is every one it can. Though it did not do so well in box office, it has been recognized over the years through cult success. I have mixed feelings about this, and am not sure if I agree with the success of its reconition. The Thing is set at an American Antarctic research station in the middle of winter. The movie opens with a couple of Norwegians flying in a helicopter across a snowy barren land, attempting to shoot at a dog. They all arrive at the American camp, and with the Norwegians still trying to kill the dog, they themselves get killed because the Americans think that they have gone crazy and are attacking them. The Americans then decides to investigate the nearby Norwegian camp to see what made these people go so crazed. Once they got there they discover it destroyed and all members of the expedition dead, a couple in very strange ways. Macready (Curt Russell) realizes that the Norwegians were performing digs, and upon investigating the dig site they discover a large saucer shaped spacecraft in the ice. They also come across a block of ice that was carved out of the ground and which once contained something human-sized. They decide that what the Norwegians found in the ice was a creature f rom another planet and the Americans shortly found out where that creature was now, when the dog that the Norwegian's were chasing reveals it's true nature: It turns out that it is an alien shape-shifter that can imitate any one it wants, and can spread to multiple individuals at the same time. ...

Compare and contrast Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman Essays

Compare and contrast Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman Essays Compare and contrast Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman Compare and contrast Emily Dickinson and Walt Whitman The lyrics composed by Emily Dickinson's and Walt Whitman have various contrasts. Case in point, the Dickinson's ballads are basic and brief time Whitman's lyrics are complex and long. Despite the fact that there are similitudes between the authors: - both are authors structure twentieth century; - both approaching demise as a primary topic, they staying unruffled notwithstanding passing wonder; - both are managing the thought of religion, connecting it with the subject of death, being realized that, around then, Romantic time, the religion was viewed as out of date. In spite of the fact that their works were extraordinary and unique, difficult to emulate, however subjects they concentrated on, were the same. Whitman's style presented the idea of free verse, this style turning into his unique imprint. Additionally, his boldness to manage "unthinkable" subjects, in particular sex, human body, and various other brought perspective changes of the American open of verse. Dickinson's works are pretty much as one of a kind, because of her odd position of accentuation, uncommon linguistic use, and straightforwardness of dialect. Her lines end suddenly, apparently harmless words are frequently promoted, and her inclination to compose meters common of hymn books all recognizes her from different journalists. Pundits have hailed the beginning of writer ladies, Walt Whitman like , othe rworldly and succinct, perceiving in artist the exemplified soul and magic of New England. Later nearing ubiquity of "pious devotee of Amherst" was the most merited, high perspectives invigorating her sonnets, the easiest expressions having the center of its motivation.

Activities in Los Angeles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Activities in Los Angeles - Essay Example In the end, the two theme parks offer enough activities for the whole family. Most people see shopping as the most exciting experience in Los Angeles, especially because of the large shopping malls with a variety of products. The Third Street Promenade is among the top shopping centers because of its eccentric shopping atmosphere. It offers vintage stores with unique cultural artifacts, shops with luxury goods, and outdoor dining options. There are several outdoor recreational activities in Los Angeles. L.A.’s 75 miles of coastline and desirable weather provide a perfect outdoor experience for people who enjoy the sun. Activities range from beach surfing in Venice, Malibu or San Pedro beach to outdoor barbeque parties. Several barbeque locations offer exquisite meals and meat delicacies. There are several other engaging activities in Los Angeles such as hiking, golfing, snowboarding, and skiing. The sights of Hollywood and big budget art museums are just a supplementary excitement to the theme parks, beaches, and social experience that Los Angeles

Candidate Brief Assessment Exercise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Candidate Brief Assessment Exercise - Essay Example Also here a great role Browns Plc plays, which gives an opportunity to realize production in the US market. Concerning technology drivers the most well provided is definitely Pillchem Plc. Its IT Strategy and network shows the most advantageous correlation of price and quality that results in debagged wok of all the technologies, which leads to the reduction in the time to implement any new application or system. Also its company-wide integrated Internet and email service allow the exploitation of the Internet for selling, PR and internal/ external communication. But there are several factors, which should be taken from other companies: piecemeal strategy as in Zoros Plc is rather good to seamlessly integrating with suppliers and customers; and holding the copyright to a particular drug manufacturing process as in Browns Ltd can lead to opening up new global markets and selling through new channels. If Pillchem Plc's acquisition starts with Zoros Plc and Browns Plc the newly broadened great Company will have all the needed factors to prosper and expand taking the leading role in the World Pharmaceutical Market.

Leadership and Entreprenuership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership and Entreprenuership - Essay Example d as â€Å"a multidimensional concept encompassing the firm’s actions relating to product-market and technological innovation, risk taking and proactiveness† (Kellermans & Eddleston, 2006). Thus an entrepreneur is a person who is prepared for new challenges, face adversities, take risk and achieve profits by identifying opportunities and utilizing the resources available. Leadership has been defined as â€Å"natural and learned ability, skill and personal characteristics to conduct interpersonal relations, which influence people to take desired actions (Eric, n.d.). Thus effective leadership requires accomplishment and influencing. Leadership requires trust and commitment of others, which they can achieve through their own behavior and integrity. Leaders create and deal with change; leadership requires vision, direction, strategies, motivation and inspiring. While both entrepreneurship and leadership have certain traits in common, not all of the leadership traits are n ecessary in an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship to a large extent relies on leadership. Jong and Hartog (2003) have reviewed various definitions of leadership and conclude that three main elements: ‘group’, ‘influence’ and ‘goal’ make a leader. These three elements are related to an entrepreneur who can influence his co-workers with the intermediate goal of enhancing their innovative behavior in order to improve the number and quality of innovations and eventually firm performance. Entrepreneurial attitude can be measured in terms of achievement, innovation, personal control, self esteem, and opportunity recognition (Lindsay, 2005). Lindsay further clarifies that innovation includes recognizing and acting upon business activities in new and unique ways. Achievement can be associated with business start-up and growth results, while self-esteem includes self-confidence. Personal control involves individual perceptions of control and influence over business affairs. Creativity is one of key

Function proposal Essay Example for Free

Function proposal Essay Thank you for your enquiry to hold a private function at aqua dining. A dinner is on a Sunday night only from 6.30pm11.30pm. We cater for both a 3 course sit down style or cocktail style event. The sit down menu allows your guests on the day or night to choose their meal from 3 entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½es, mains and desserts. Both styles of functions can cater for all dietary needs whether they are vegan, vegetarian, coeliac, an allergy to seafood or just plain eaters. The current menus and beverage package are attached. The beverages, which are included within the package price, are served through out the duration of the function. To ensure the use of fresh seasonal produce the menus are subject to change. We have a list of preferred suppliers which can assist you in organising AV, flowers, chair covers, music and photography. We can set up your specific requirements for your use during your function at no additional cost. The price for a sit down function for 50 guests is $3700 $5500 (inclusive of room hire and beverage) with additional guests being $100 each. The price for a cocktail style event for 50 guests is $2500 $3350(inclusive of room hire and beverage) with additional guests being $80 each. Childrens meals (12 years and under) and service meals are $40 each. To make a booking we require a deposit of $1500 with the balance due 14 days prior to your function. A tentative booking will not be held without a deposit. Payments can be made by cheque, cash or credit card (credit card payments incur a 23% fee). Please note that this price is for functions held during 2008. The prices may be subject to change in 2009. Bookings cancelled within 3 months of the booking date incur loss of full deposit. The deposit less 10% will be refunded if the booking is cancelled 3 months or more prior to the booking date. If the booking is transferred more than a month prior to the date 10% of the deposit is withheld. If the transfer is less then a month prior to the booking 50% of the deposit is withheld. For further information or to make a booking contact our function manager Jo Beshara on 02 9999 1234 or email [emailprotected] Regards Meredith Armstrong General Manager 1. Venue Room Options and Cost (include GST) Corporate functions are welcome to create a room plan suited to your specific requirements. Patrons are of course encouraged to come down regularly and get a feel for the room prior to the event. The followings are suitable room for 50 guests. All packages include venue hire, in house tables chairs, table linen, glasses, crockery, cutlery and background music. If you want to discuss more how we can help make your event perfect, please call our Functions Coordinator Room One The Chandler Room With its ceiling mounted projector, hot red lounges and access to the roof top Zen garden, The Media Room is available for that event when you want it a little more casual and intimate. It is also the perfect room for sit down dinner of up to 50 people. * Room Hire $350 * Function Duration area reserved till midnight. After midnight the area will be open to the public * Room Facilities direct access to designated smoking area, bar area, male/female bathrooms, projector, audio visual, built in screen, built in microphones, speaker system dance floor if required * View river View Room Two The Grange Room The Green Room is a smaller more intimate boardroom with its floor to ceiling windows boasting expansive views that can be used for smaller parties, intimate dining of up to 50 people or corporately for meetings. * Room Hire $250 * Function Duration area reserved till midnight. After midnight the area will be open to the public * Room Facilities male/female bathrooms, bar area, audio visual, wall screen dance floor if required * View garden View 2. Floor Plan Banquet style is most suited for fund raising function. A large conference can be arranged in smaller groups seated around round or rectangular tables where group and workshop activities can be performed through the conference. The banquet style also encourages attendees to network with their immediate group at the conference. Room One The Chandler Room 1,200 sq. ft, 30 x 40, not include foyer area (A) (B) Room Two The Grange Room 1,100 sq. ft., 22 x 50, not include foyer area (A) (B) 3. Menu Suggestions and Cost 3.1 Set Menu Options (include GST) The following is a sample of a set dinner menu available for fund raising functions. Costs may vary depending on the type of menu selected. Gluten Free, Dairy Free and Vegetarian Options are also available on request. All Set Menus are subject to availability of the freshest seasonal produce and may change if not available. Set Menu One $34.95 per person Please choose from one of the following Entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e * Spicy marinated calamari rings, lightly crumbed served on a salad of roquette leaves, spanish onion parmesan cheese accompanied with lemon citrus caper aioli * Grilled Turkish bread brushed with garlic olive oil, served with a selection of inhouse dips Main * Grilled Atlantic salmon on wild mushroom soba noodle salad, topped with wasabi hollandaise sauce, served with lemon * Oven-baked chicken supreme filled with semi-dried tomato basil cream cheese topped with tomato avocado salsa, served with petit salad chips Set Menu Two $44.95 per person Please choose from one of the following Entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e * Spicy marinated calamari rings, lightly crumbed served on a salad of roquette leaves, spanish onion parmesan cheese accompanied with lemon citrus caper aioli * Grilled Turkish bread brushed with garlic olive oil and served with a selection of inhouse dips Main * Grilled Atlantic salmon on wild mushroom soba noodle salad, topped with wasabi hollandaise sauce, served with lemon * Oven-baked chicken supreme filled with semi-dried tomato basil cream cheese topped with tomato avocado salsa served with petit salad and chips * Eye fillet served with caesar salad chips with your choice of sauces Dessert * Flourless chocolate cake with double cream strawberries * Sticky date pudding with rum raisin ice cream * Pavlova with fresh fruit, chantilly cream and passion fruit pulp Set Menu Three $54.95 per person Served alternatively Entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e * Spicy marinated calamari rings, lightly crumbed served on a salad of roquette leaves, spanish onion parmesan cheese accompanied with lemon and citrus caper aioli * Tapas plate for one with roasted marinated vegetables, smoked salmon, marinated mussels fingers if Turkish bread European delicacies served with a selection of dips spreads * Plate of 6 natural oysters served on rock salt with lemon to taste Main * Grilled Atlantic salmon on wild mushroom soba noodle salad, topped with wasabi hollandaise sauce, served with lemon * Oven-baked chicken supreme filled with semi-dried tomato basil cream * Cheese topped with tomato avocado salsa ,served with petit salad chips * Fillet mignon grilled to a smoky flavour, served with caesar salad chips with your choice of sauces Dessert * Flourless chocolate cake with double cream strawberries * Sticky date pudding with rum raisin ice cream * Pavlova with fresh fruit, chantilly cream and passion fruit Pulp Vegetarian Options available with all Set Menus Entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½e * Pesto bocconcini pizza bread * Chickpea battered vegetables served with accompanying dipping sauces Main * Slow roasted pumpkin baby spinach salad with pine nuts, artichoke hearts roasted capsicum with balsamic dressing * Flat field mushrooms topped with pesto, fetta cheese, semi-dried tomato basil, served with petit salad chickpea vegetable stack Note: All appropriate staffing is also included in the package price. 3.2 Cocktail Style Options (include GST) The following is a sample of cocktail style menu available for fund raising functions. Costs may vary depending on what you selected for canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s. Gluten free, dairy free and vegetarian options are also available on request. Please inform us first. All dishes are subject to availability of the freshest seasonal produce and may change if not available. Cocktail Style One $35 per person Your selection of 3 hot 3 cold canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s Cocktail Style Two $42 per person Your selection of 4 hot 4 cold canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s Cocktail Style Three $48 per person Your selection of 5 hot 5 cold canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s + 1 substantial item Cold Canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s * Caramelised apple blue cheese crustini * Rare roast beef horseradish en croute * Smoked salmon wasabi cream cup * Chicken smokey paprika mayo fingers * Roasted eggplant fetta cigars * Greek spanokopita * Turkish bread with dhakka virgin olive oil * Sesame, shallot lime seared prawn in a spoon Hot Canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s * Thai chicken filo wrap * Long prawn wonton * Fetta roast pumpkin pie * Buttermilk chive pancakes * Indian vegetable Pakoras * Double smoked bacon cheese quiche * Tandoori chicken goujons * Breaded Italian style whiting fillets Substantial items (served in noodle boxes) Cold * Chicken caeser salad * Grilled Mediterranean vegetable salad Hot * Chicken harissa, pappadum fruit chutney * Singapore noodles Asian greens 4. Beverage Suggestions and Cost 4.1 Beverage Packages (include GST) For the duration of your 5 hours function unlimited consumption, these are different great option for a beverage that gives your guests to test two types of wines and non-alcohol drinks (juice, soft drink, coffee tea). Also, our staff will refresh your drinks if your guests desire. You may like to continue with waiter service of drinks or we can arrange a bar area for later. Our drinks are as follows. Please choose 1 white 1 red wine from each beverage packages. Standard Beverage Package $35 per person * Stephen John N.V. Blanc de Blanc, Clare Valley SA * Willow Bridge Chardonnay, Geographe WA * Willow Bridge Sauvignon Blanc Semillon, Geographe WA * Willow Bridge Cabernet Merlot, Geographe WA * Willow Bridge Shiraz, Geographe WA * Hahn Premium Light, XXXX Gold, Tooheys Extra Dry + soft drink juice Deluxe Beverage Package $50 per person * Miceili Methode Champenoise, Mornington Peninsula VIC * Shottesbrooke Sauvignon Blanc, McLaren Vale SA * Shottesbrooke Chardonnay, McLaren Vale SA * Shottesbrooke Cabernet, McLaren Vale SA * Shottesbrooke Merlot, McLaren Vale SA * Hahn Premium Light, XXXX Gold, Tooheys Extra Dry + soft drink juice Note: To upgrade beers to Crown Lager Coronas add an extra $8.00pp. All appropriate staffing is also included in the package price. 4.2 Cocktails List (include GST) Cocktails are an additional price per guest as they are not included in the beverage package. Please choose a maximum of 2 cocktails to be served to your guests. In addition, fruit juices, coffee, tea, soft drinks and sparkling water will be available. Bellini Cocktails $10 per person * Peach Bellini * Lychee Bellini * Apricot Bellini Fresh fruit puree, Fruit liquor, Prosecco Long Cocktails $12 per person * Long Island Ice Tea Gin, Vodka, White rum, Cointreau, Tequila, Cola * Aqua Ice Tea Gin, Vodka, White rum, Cointreau, Blue curacao, Lemonade * Lynchburg Lemonade Jack Daniels, Lemon juice, Sugar, Lemonade Sour Cocktails $12 per person * Vodka Sours Fresh Lime, Sugar, Vodka * Whiskey Sours Fresh Lime, Sugar, Whiskey * Pisco Sours Fresh Lime, Sugar, Pisco Note: All appropriate staffing is also included in the package price. 5. Running Sheet Timing details is a very important aspect of running a function. Determining the appropriate times for the different stages of the function will ensure the food and beverage and technical arrangements can be timed and coordinated to coincide with the function timing requirements. Set menu function: Guests Arrival 6:30pm Pre-dinner Drinks 6:45pm Seated for dinner 7:05pm Entrà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½es Served 7:15pm Speeches Presentations 7:50pm Mains Served 8:30pm Entertainments 9:30pm Desserts/Drinks 10:00pm Coffee 10:30pm Departure 11:30pm Cocktail function: Guests Arrival 6:30pm Pre-drinks 6:50pm Seated for dinner 7:10pm Cold canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s Served 7:20pm Speeches Presentations 7:50pm Hot canapà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½s Served 8:30pm Entertainments (DJ,dance) 9:30pm Departure 11:30pm Note: The drinks provide through whole cocktail function. 6. Preferred suppliers à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Event Services Andrew Dudley 0422 206 353 www.eggnspoon.com.au à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Music Entertainment Bethanie Tobin 02 9419 4200 www.nhmentertainment.com.au à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Flowers and Table decorations Ria Gradon 0403 798 598 www.pollenflowers.net à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Chair covers Edna Reed 02 9871 1599 [emailprotected] à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Photography Graham Monroe 02 9960 4600

Weaker Sex? :: Sports Women Feminist Papers

Weaker Sex? "Psychologically, men are more explosive, inconsistent, not enduring, a nd in pain exertion - especially among high performance athletes - somewhat sniveling. A woman is the opposite: tough, constant, enduring, level and calm under the pain to which her biology exposes her. On the average she is more patient than a man. Armed with these advantages, women are in a position to do endurance feats previously considered by men to be impossible."(Noakes 598) Not many sports exist in the world today in which women can be competitive with men. Although this is not true with many other things in life, it has always seemed that males dominate the sports world, no matter how hard women have tried to break through this. Upon taking this class, I thought I had found such a sport. From quotes such as the one above by Dr. Ernst van Aaken and other findings in the class text books, I developed the thesis that Ultra Marathon Running might be just the sport for women to show their ability to best men in sports arenas that which they had previously been excluded from. As I look deeper into this statement, I realize that there are many different ideas and theories on this topic. Many women say, "Yes, of course women can compete with men", while men tend to laugh at the question and scoff at even the thought. So my question remains unanswered, can women of the ultra species compete with males? In 1971, American woman, Natalie Cullimore surprised the all male ultra world by running a 16:11 for the one hundred-mile race. Not only was she second in the race, but this was the fourth fastest time for a male or female at this distance. She caught the attention of the males of the sport with her speed and helped many other women to find a place in this field with her determination. As women's ultra running became more popular world wide, people began to take notice. Onlookers realized that the women always seemed to look more fresh at the end of a race, as if it were not as much of a struggle for them as it was for the men. This observation prompted many studies and the theory that women could beat competitive men. The first doctors to make a statement about this theory were Dr. Joan Ulloyt and Dr.

A Comparison of Classic and Contemporary Philosophers Essay -- essays

A Comparison of Classic And Contemporary Philosophers Why is it so important that young children in our society receive a good education? The answer to that question is very simple; because they are our future. The old saying â€Å"the youth of today are the leaders off tomorrow† holds more truth than many people realize. By giving children a good start at an early age we are only helping ourselves as well as the children. A good example of this is can be seen in our society. By the time a teacher in our society retires from his or her position their students will have made it out into the real world and taken jobs. This new generation will be the ones to make the decisions about laws such as Social Security, and Medicaid. The students will be able to turn these programs around and make them more beneficial to their recipients. These teachers who are now retired will be the ones who are collecting Social Security and reaping the benefits of the children’s solid education. The idea of educating the youth is not even close t o a new idea. Philosophers such as Jean Jacques Rousseau in the seventeen hundreds and even farther back than that to the time of Plato in three hundred eighty six B.C. and after. Both of these great men shared similar ideas on how children should be taught so that they can get the most out of their education. Though educational philosophy dates back thousands of years, there are still many great thinkers who are revolutionizing teaching with their philosophies today. In the later part of the twentieth century there was also Paulo Friere who is considered by some to be the greatest thinker of his time and also Maxine Greene who has also greatly changed education in today’s society. Thanks to these great minds along with many others, modern day education was revolutionized. Many of the teaching techniques and ideals that are practiced in the classroom today originated from these philosophers. These four philosophers though from two very different time periods had some very sim ilar ideas about education. Jean Jacques Rousseau said that children are born innocent and pure, and become contaminated by the world, as they grow older. â€Å"Everything is good as it comes from the hands of the Maker of the world but degenerates once it gets into the hands of man†. (Cahn 163) This quote shows that Rousseau saw the world as an imperfect place that corrupted ... ...that they had a firm grasp on what it takes to give children a proper education, and to prepare them for the real world. The approaches that they proposed would give students more of a drive or desire to learn. In toady’s society school is just a hassle that kids have to put up with. I think that if children were taught in the way that Plato, Rousseau, Friere, and Walzer said they should be, our society would be very different. One other thing that I found interesting about these philosophers is the fact that they all had very similar philosophies about education even though one live around 300 B.C. and another in the seventeen hundreds while the other two in the later part of the twentieth century. I guess that no matter the time period, its like they always say; â€Å"great minds think alike.† Works Cited Cahn, Steven M. Classic And Contemporary Readings In The Philosophy of Education. Apr 20, 2002. McGraw Hill Co. 1997. â€Å"Educational Philosophy†. http://home.pacbell.net/altsch/Philosophy.html. Aug 11, 1999. HotBot.com. Accessed Apr 20,2002. â€Å"Plato†. http://www-groups.dcs.st-and.ac.uk/~history/Mathematicians/Plato.html . Jan 1999. Google.com. Accessed Apr 20,2002.